But the fact a person denies that he is theorising is no reason for taking him at his word and failing to investigate what implicit theory is involved in his statements. ↗
From all this it follows what the general character of the problem of the development of a body of scientific knowledge is, in so far as it depends on elements internal to science itself. ↗
It is that of increasing knowledge of empirical fact, intimately combined with changing interpretations of this body of fact - hence changing general statements about it - and, not least, a changing a structure of the theoretical system. ↗
Now obviously the propositions of the system have reference to matters of empirical fact; if they did not, they could have no claim to be called scientific. ↗
Of course there may well be particular reasons why Spencer rather than others is dead, as there were also particular reasons why he rather than others made such a stir. ↗
Special emphasis should be laid on this intimate interrelation of general statements about empirical fact with the logical elements and structure of theoretical systems. ↗
That is, a system starts with a group of interrelated propositions which involve reference to empirical observations within the logical framework of the propositions in question. ↗