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What was needed, was not merely a resolute man, but a man who was also free from the net of legal controls. Such being the circumstances, Quinctius declared that he would nominate Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus as Dictator, convinced that in him were courage and resolution equal to the majestic authority of that office. The proposal was unanimously approved, but Cincinnatus, hesitating to accept the burden of responsibility, asked what the Senate was thinking of to wish to expose an old man like him to what must prove the sternest of struggles; but hesitation was in vain, for when from every corner of the House came the cry that in that aged heart lay more wisdom - yes, and courage too - than in all the rest put together, and when praises, well deserved, were heaped upon him and the consul refused to budge an inch from his purpose, Cincinnatus gave way and, with a prayer to God to save his old age from bringing loss or dishonor upon his country in her trouble, was named Dictator by the consul. ↗
And thus goes segregation which is the most far-reaching development in the history of the Negro since the enslavement of the race. ↗
魅力的な都市をたくさんもつ南イタリアも、その歴史を振り返るならば、外国勢力による支配と搾取の繰り返しだった。大土地所有が続き、支配階級に富が集まる一方、民衆の暮らしは貧しく、個々の住居の内部は手狭で、質素なものだった。 近代を迎え、１８６０年頃、リソルジメント（国家統一運動）によってイタリアは一つの国に統一されたが、政治的主導権は常に中北部のイタリアが握り、南北の経済的、文化的格差はさらに広がった。中世以来、都市国家として独立と自治の伝統を築き上げ、１８世紀以後はフランスやオーストリアの支配下で近代化を進め、市民社会の秩序を早くから確立できた北部に比べ、長らくスペイン支配下で封建的領主制度が続いた南イタリアは、後進性を背負い込むことになった。イタリアの悩みの種、いわゆる「南北問題」がこうして生まれた。[5〜6ページ] ↗
Considering thus how much honor is awarded to antiquity, and how many times—letting pass infinite other examples—a fragment of an ancient statue has been bought at high price because someone wants to have it near oneself, to honor his house with it, and to be able to have it imitated by those who delight in that art, and how the latter then strive with all industry to represent it in all their works; and seeing, on the other hand, that the most virtuous works the histories show us, which have been done by ancient kingdoms and republics, by kings, captains, citizens, legislators, and others who have labored for their fatherland, are rather admired than imitated—indeed they are so much shunned by everyone in every least thing that no sign of that ancient virtue remains with us—I can do no other than marvel and grieve… From this it arises that the infinite number who read [the histories] take pleasure in hearing of the variety of accidents contained within them without thinking of imitating them, judging that imitation is not only difficult but impossible—as if heaven, sun, elements, men had varied in motion, order, and power from what they were in antiquity. Wishing, therefore, to turn men from this error, I have judged it necessary to write on all those books of Titus Livy... ↗
