Among the southern tribes, on the contrary, hats were sometimes worn in the dance, although this was not considered in strict accordance with the doctrine.

Calendar history of the Kiowa Indians. Mooney was recognized as a national expert on the American Indian.

He did major studies of Southeastern Indians as well as those on the Great Plains. Papers and photographs from Mooney are in the collections of the National Anthropological Archives Department of Anthropology Smithsonian Institution.