Similarly, the Marquis is presented in this film as someone who would disturb the status quo and therefore must be kept imprisoned.

Philip Kaufman (born October 23 1936) is an American film director and screenwriter. His movies have adapted novels of widely different types – from Milan Kundera’s The Unbearable Lightness of Being to Michael Crichton’s Rising Sun; from Tom Wolfe’s heroic epic The Right Stuff to the erotic writings of Anaïs Nin’s Henry & June.